Graphical Abstract

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Li, X., and X. Shen, 2013: Rain microphysical budget in the tropical deep convective regime: A 2-d cloud-resolving modeling study. J. Meteor. Soc. Japan, 91, 801-815.
https://doi.org/10.2151/jmsj.2013-606
Graphical Abstract

Highlights:

• Over 67% of total rainfall is associated with net rain source in which collection of cloud water by rain is larger than melting of precipitation ice to rain in the presence of upward motions throughout the troposphere.
• Over 26% of total rainfall is related to downward motions in the lower troposphere that leads to melting of precipitation ice as a major term in production of precipitation.
• About 15% of total rainfall corresponds to dynamic hydrometeor advection only.